How have people reconciled Nationalist and Non-Nationalist loyalties?

What is reconciling?
            Reconciling can be described as settling matters down and take out the contention between two things. In social words taking the contention out of two contending loyalties. Those loyalties can be Nationalist or Non-Nationalist.

What is the difference between Nationalist and Non-Nationalist?
           Nationalist Loyalties are the loyalties which are embedded in the notion of a nation. For example: Loyalties to your ethnic or civic nation. Non-Nationalist Loyalties are not embedded in the idea of a nation. For example: being loyal to your friends, family, sports team. However, it can be overlapped or can be argued that being loyal to friend is like being in a collective or some people call themselves a nation when they support a sport team. So, if there is singular loyalty it drops into Non-Nationalist category but if the there is a collective for one loyalty it falls in Nationalist category.

Non-Nationalist.

Nationalist.

Now, How have people reconciled their Nationalist and Non-Nationalist Loyalties?
            Non- Nationalist and Nationalist Loyalties Reconciled: When Nationalist and Non-Nationalist loyalties compete there can be two options: Live with contending Loyalties or Choose one over another in a peaceful manner called reconciling. People may live with both loyalties because they might think that as individuals they can't make a difference. If people to prefer one loyalty over another it can lead to alienation, the feeling of being left out. However, people can find ways to include both Nationalist and Non-Nationalist Loyalties:

• For example, some countries don't allow Sikh people to wear their ceremonial dagger in schools. However, In Canada Sikh people have the choice not to violate their religious loyalty and make both Nationalist and Non-Nationalist Loyalties coexist.

Ceremonial Dagger.

•  In 1950s there was a lot of segregation in U.S against African Americans, in other words forced separation of racial groups. So they fought for sense of belonging. 8 teens were the first blacks to get in a high school in US but they treated very badly. After fighting and US not responding one of them named Minnijean Brown Trickey moved to Canada. This gave her the opportunity to fully reconcile her loyalties since Canada was more democratic at the time compared to US.

Minnijean Brown Trickey.

 

 

•  Reconciliation always works if someone tries. For example, after 911 attack a Muslim person was traveling and accidentally got deported to Syria and was tortured. His wife protested in Canada and her husband was not guilty and at last he freed and given 10.5 million dollars in compensation for his ordeal. Wife's name is Mazigh and her husband's name is Arar.

            
           










                                                                 

How have people affirmed their Nationalist Loyalties?

What are Nationalist Loyalties? 
            In my word and my understandings, Nationalist Loyalties are being loyal to your nation. It can either be your civic or ethnic nation. For example: If you are an immigrant to Canada as a Sikh and you respect Canadian beliefs and values but when somebody tells you to do something against your Sikh culture you will be loyal to Sikh culture. This makes you to affirm Nationalist Loyalties and makes you a nationalist.

National Aboriginal Day represent First Nations in Canada.

  If you have now understood what Nationalist Loyalties are let's get started on,
 
 How have people affirmed their Nationalist Loyalties?
             People take actions to affirm their Nationalist Loyalties either individually or in a group. If individual you might wear a maple leaf pin to represent Canada or if in a group you can sing Canadian Anthem out loud to represent that you are loyal to your Nation. The Following examples are from people who affirmed their Nationalist Loyalties:
Affirming First Nations Loyalties: Aboriginal people were pressured down by the Canadian government but in 1982 they chose to affirm their status as nations by restructuring and reorganizing the National Indian Brotherhood-renaming it The Assembly of First Nations. By creating this assembly they have insisted on maintaining their status as nations so that they can deal with the Canadian government on a nation-to-nation basis.

All in an Inuit Place Name: Cultural names can be useful tools to affirm your nationalist loyalties. For example Inuit names of the places were too hard for the Europeans to pronounce, so they changed the names of the villages and places of the Inuit. Fortunately, Inuit has stepped up to affirm their loyalties to their nation by figuring out what the names were before they were changed.Names and Inuit Identity: Inuit names are special and that's what makes them affirm their loyalties. Rather than using modern names Inuit people have started using their cultural names. For example:  Kiviaq is an Inuit boy who was named David Ward but then he struggled with the government to have his Inuit name "Kiviaq" which is just a first name without a last name. This represent how Kiviaq has affirmed his Nationalist Loyalties.

Kiviaq

National Loyalties in a Multicultural Society: Canada is a civic nation and immigrants come here for their rights to be protected and that's why multicultural society is common in Canada. Many newcomers are attracted by Canada's reputation for cultural pluralism. Even though all immigrants take the oath to leave their ethnic nations and join this civic nation, they can still show and can affirm their Nationalist Loyalties because their hearts can't ignore their own heritage.

Expressing Non-Canadian Nationalist Loyalties: First immigrants will fit in Canadian society but later on they will fell good about showing Non-Canadian Nationalist Loyalties. For example, even if a person might live in Canada but he/she will cheer for their own Olympic team or support their country with economy. Putting Multiculturalism to the Test: Reasonable accommodations are provided to people who can't violate their Nationalist Loyalties. For example: Baltej Singh Dhillon was given the accommodation to wear a turban and keep a beard in an RCMP job because he can't violate his religion by removing his turban.

Baltej Singh Dhillon

  That's it for on how people affirm their Nationalist Loyalties.
All the pictures are from Google Search.

External Factors that shaped French nationalism before/during French Revolution and Results of this newly created French Nationalism.

What are some Factors that shaped French Revolution?

Historical Factors: The day when French Revolution began was a historical factor. On July 14, 1789 about 600 people took down Bastille where the king kept people who spoke against him. This day was the first day of French Revolution and now it's considered a national holiday in France.

Bastille July 14, 1789

 Social Factors: In simpler words, the relationship among people in a society. These Factors include:

• Who should be considered important and who should not.
• Who should lead and who should follow.
• Who should be included and who should be excluded.
• How groups should work out conflicts and respond to challenges.

Before French Revolution, there were three main classes: The Nobility, Clergy and the 3rd Class. 4% of the population was included in The Nobility and Clergy and rest of the 96% was common people. These common people had to pay taxes but the higher class did not. This made all the citizens angry so, people wanted equality and French Revolution was the answer. People started to have new ideas about liberty, happiness, individual rights etc. Also, the standards of Bourgeoisie (middle class) were growing and they were getting aware of the world and their rights which gave information to other citizens to step up and show some nationalism.

Economic Factors: France in 18th century was constantly at war with other rivals in Europe and supporting rebels in American Revolution which were costly and bringing economic crisis on French. Also, wife of the king Marie was spending money on her hair styling, jewelry etc in the crisis. As a result The king Louis XVI had to call the estates generals for help which did not happen in last 100 plus years. This created more temper in the citizens and the middle class Bourgeoisie made a constitution that set out equal rights and was called The National Assembly and swore the Tennis Court Oath.

The National Assembly while they swore to Tennis Court Oath.

Geographic Factors: When Louis XVI was demanding people to pay more tax there was snow in the winter of 1788-1789 which blocked the roads and no trade and travel was possible. After the snow melted France was flooded and people were not able to afford bread.

Political Factors: After National Assembly was established other European countries were forcing King Louis XVI to take an action because other countries did not want their citizens to protest. After a while Revolution became more and more radical and extreme. People were killed without any reason, shops were robbed, and women were raped. Fortunately, Napoleon came in action and pointed French toward to protect themselves from other rivals. People considered him an inspirational leader. The rule of law he established is the basis of the legal system in France today. But other remember him as a dictator who was blamed for the millions of soldiers killed in the battles and wars.

Napoleon.

Napoleon on a bike.

 The results of this newly created nationalism were amazing. People were bonded together as a nation and they fought together for one cause and they succeeded. And here is a well explained mind map of why French Revolution existed.

Please follow this link to see the above mind map in larger resolution: http://schoolworkhelper.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/causes_french_revolution.gif

All the images are from Google search engine.

How does identity relate to Nation?

National Identity



What is National Identity?

I think National Identity is based on which nation you belong to and what kind of of similarities you share with others. Also, it depends on what kind of policy you are living under as a group. Some nations are based on ethnic backgrounds, so they are called ethnic nations but there are nations which are based under laws with different cultures, races, religions, language etc. and are known as civic nations. In addition, your identity is reflected by your own nation. For further understandings following examples are provided:
1. First example can be Korea, Korea is similar to an ethnic nation because people in Korea are majorly ethnic to Korea. They have the same culture, religion, language etc. under a sovereignty and law to protect their values. This allow them to practice their identity and retain it for following generations. On the other hand, North Korea is under dictatorship which does not allow people to practice their beliefs which effects their identity.Koreans from south say that North-Koreans should not be under dictatorship because they are their brothers and sisters who belong to their similar nation.








                    Korea                                                          North-Korea

2. Second example can be Canada which is opposite to Korea because we have a civic nation which consists of different groups but as a whole. Canadian law protects every group's values which keeps us Canadians together as a nation. Multiculturalism can be an example of a law which is totally made by citizens of Canada to protect their identity in form of their culture. This allow us to practice our identity and retain it from assimilation from other majorities.

The reading you have done until this point was my understanding and below this text you can watch a video from a  professional's perspective:
NOTE: In the video the professional who is Gregory Maniatis talks about National Identity for only 1 minute and 10 seconds, rest of the video is about a debate which is  about Migration.)

  **This video was uploaded by: salzburgseminar on Youtube.**